Female Health
Urinary Tract
Infection
What is a UTI?
A urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common condition caused by bacteria entering the urinary tract, leading to discomfort and other symptoms. Women are more prone to UTIs due to a shorter urethra, making it easier for bacteria to reach the bladder.
Symptoms of a UTI
If you have a UTI, you may experience:
- Pain or a burning sensation when peeing (dysuria)
- Frequent urination, including waking up at night (nocturia)
- Sudden urgency to urinate
- Cloudy or strong-smelling urine
- Blood in urine
- Lower tummy or back pain (just under the ribs)
- Fever, chills, or a low body temperature
In children, symptoms may also include fever, irritability, bedwetting, or vomiting. Older adults or those with catheters may show confusion, agitation, or worsening incontinence.
Causes & Risk Factors
UTIs occur when bacteria - often from the bowel - enter the urinary tract.
Risk factors include:
- Sexual activity
- Pregnancy
- Urinary tract blockages (e.g., kidney stones)
- Incomplete bladder emptying (e.g., enlarged prostate, constipation)
- Weakened immune system (e.g., diabetes, chemotherapy)
- Poor hydration & hygiene
